浙江人群幽门螺杆菌cagA/vacA优势基因型和不同基因型混合感染的调查

目的　了解消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎患者感染的幽门螺杆菌 (Hp)cagA vacA优势基因型及不同基因型Hp感染、混合感染与疾病的关系。 方法　选择胃窦、胃体双份活检标本均培养出Hp的 42例慢性胃炎 (CG)和 3 6例消化性溃疡 (PU )患者作为研究对象 ,采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)检测156份Hp分离株的cagA基因、vacA基因的信号区 (s)和中间区 (m )亚型 ,分析Hp基因型及多株Hp混合感染在CG和PU中的分布。结果　胃窦标本cagA基因的检测中 78例患者中有 75例 (96.2 % )为cagA阳性 ,相应的胃体标本中 ,76例患者 (97.4% )为cagA阳性 ,有 1例 (1.3 % )患者胃窦、胃体检出cagA状态不一的Hp混合菌株。在胃窦标本的vacA基因分型中 ,s1a m1、s1a m2、s1a m1b、s1a m1b m2 4种vacA基因型在 78例患者中所占比例分别为 6.4% (5 78)、55.1% (43 78)、2 6.9% (2 1 78)和 1.3 % (1 78) ,多株混合感染为 3 .8% (3 78) ;而相应的胃体标本中 ,前述四种vacA基因型所占比例依次为 6.4% (5 78)、53 .8% (42 78)、2 5.6% (2 0 78)和 3 .8% (3 78) ,多株混合感染为 5.1% (4 78)。cagA+ s1a m2和cagA+ s1a m1b在胃窦标本中占 51.3 % (40 78)和 2 6.9% (2 1 78) ,而在相应的胃体标本中占 52 .6% (41 78)和 2 5.6% (2 0 78)。少量胃窦、胃体     

寰枢椎椎弓根钉固定治疗伸直型齿状突骨折合并寰枢关节半脱位

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument in treatment of extension-type odontoid fracture combined with aflantoaxial subluxation. Methods From December 2002 to December 2006, seven patients with extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation were reduced and fixed with atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument of Vertex system under general anesthesia. There were five males and two females, at mean age of 39.2 years (range 21-59 years). All odontoid fractures were fresh type Aderson Ⅱ. JOA scores of spinal core function was 8.6-14.9 (average 10.7) preoperatively. The X-ray examination, CT scanning and skull traction were performed in all patients preoperatively. Results There found no severe complications such as injuries of vertebral artery, nerve root and spinal cord postoperatively. All patients obtained complete reduction and healing of the fracture and dislocation. The mean off-bed time was four days (3-6 days) after opera-tion. A follow-up for 12-36 months (average 22 months) in all patients showed that the clinical symptom was improved significantly six months postoperatively and that all screws were in proper position verified by X-ray and CT scanning. All patients obtained solid bony union on radiographs, with no loosing or breakage of instrument. The postoperative JOA scores was 13.5-16.9 (average 15.8). Conclusions Allantoaxial pedicle screw fixation has advantages of intraoperative reduction, reliable fixation and high fusion rate and can be used as an effective method for extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation.     

关于烧伤感染防治的几点思考

细菌性感染依然是大面积烧伤患者死亡的主要原因,防治感染仍是救治的重要课题。现就烧伤病程中与感染防治相关的几个环节与同道进行讨论和商榷。一、积极处理创面、变烧伤为创伤是防治感染的关键环节烧伤创面坏死组织的存在不仅是引起全身一系     

依托咪酯对大鼠皮层、海马脑片缺氧复氧损伤的保护作用

目的观察依托眯酯对大鼠皮层、海马脑片缺氧复氧损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法雄性SD大鼠10只,体重90-100 g,制备大脑皮质和海马脑片,随机分为对照组、缺氧复氧组、3 μmol ·L-1依托咪酯组、6μmol·L-1依托咪酯组、15 μmol·L-1依托咪酯组和6 μmol·L-1依托咪酯+γ-氨基丁酸 A(GABAA)受体拮抗剂Picrotoxin 50 μmol·L-1组。各组脑片缺氧10 min复氧120 min时,测定经三苯基氯化四唑氮染色的吸光度(A490),Fluo-3荧光染色后计算细胞内Ca2+浓度。结果缺氧复氧可导致大脑皮层、海马A490降低,细胞内Ca2+浓度升高,不同浓度依托咪酯可减弱缺氧复氧导致的上述改变,以 6 μmol·L-1依托咪酯的效果较好,且此作用可被GABAA受体拮抗剂完全拮抗。结论依托咪酯对大鼠皮层、海马脑片缺氧复氧损伤有一定的保护作用,可能通过GABAA受体介导,并降低Ca2+负荷有关。     

慢性稳定性心绞痛患者肺炎衣原体感染检测的意义

目的　探讨肺炎衣原体感染与慢性稳定性心绞痛患者血中炎症标志物之间的关系。方法　采用微量免疫荧光法 (MIF)和酶联免疫法 (ELISA)对 5 2例经冠状动脉造影证实的慢性稳定心绞痛患者 (CSA)血中肺炎衣原体IgG抗体 (CpIgG)和肿瘤坏死因子 α(TNF α)、白细胞介素 6 (IL 6 )、C 反应蛋白 (CRP)进行检测。结果　在慢性稳定性心绞痛患者组中CpIgG阳性率为 5 5 .77% ;而CpIgG滴度与TNF α、IL 6和CRP单因素及多因素回归分析发现只有CpIgG与TNF α显著相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但与IL 6和CRP之间无显著相关性 (P <0 .0 5 )。在慢性稳定性心绞痛患者中肺炎衣原体感染可能促进TNF α的升高 ,但肺炎衣原体的感染不是导致斑块不稳定的主要因素     

日光对皮肤弹性的影响

目的观察日光和年龄对皮肤弹性的影响。方法问卷调查受试者（郊县组94例，市区组105例）的日光曝晒情况，并应用皮肤弹性测量仪测量外眦部、鼻唇沟及眶下皮肤弹性参数，包括：弹性，黏弹性，可扩展性和张力参数。比较不同年龄组间、市区与郊县组间各弹性参数间的差异。结果市区和郊县各弹性参数均与年龄有较好的相关性，随年龄增长，皮肤各弹性参数均下降。郊县组与市区组比较，弹性和黏弹性参数差异较小，而可扩展性和张力参数差异较大。结论弹性和黏弹性参数可能与内在老化有关，而可扩展性和张力参数可能与光老化有关。     

水飞蓟宾-磷脂酰胆碱复合物对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的量效关系

目的　观察不同剂量水飞蓟宾 -磷脂酰胆碱复合物 (SPC)对四氯化碳 (CCl4)所致小鼠急性肝损伤的影响。方法　雌性小鼠随机分组给药后测定血清中谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)和谷草转氨酶 (AST)活性 ,取肝组织作病理学检查。结果　不同剂量的水飞蓟宾 -磷脂酰胆碱复合物均可明显降低CCl4所致小鼠血清中ALT和AST活性升高 ,并与剂量呈正相关。SPC组肝组织变性、坏死的程度亦明显减轻 (P <0 .0 0 1,P<0 .0 1,P<0 .0 5 )。结论　SPC对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用 ,高、中、低剂量组间降酶作用呈明显的量效关系。     

胰腺淋巴瘤的CT诊断

目的　探讨CT对胰腺淋巴瘤的诊断价值。方法　回顾分析 6例经病理证实胰腺淋巴瘤的CT表现。结果　胰腺淋巴瘤的CT表现不具特征性 ,主要表现为胰头、体部弥漫性肿块呈不规则结节状融合改变 ,多伴有肝门、胰头旁及后腹膜淋巴结肿大。结论　CT能较好地显示淋巴瘤在胰内的病灶和胰外淋巴结受侵情况 ,并能进一步了解其他脏器受侵情况。     

褪黑素对急性胰腺炎相关性肺损伤中趋化因子MIP-2表达的影响

目的观察褪黑素(MT)对ANP大鼠肺组织趋化因子巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-2(MIP-2)表达的影响,探讨MIP-2在ANP相关肺损伤发病机制中的作用。方法35只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SO组),ANP 3h、6h、12h组和MT 3h、6h、12h组,每组5只。采用4%牛磺胆酸钠胰胆管逆行注射制备ANP动物模型,MT组在ANP诱导前30min腹腔注射MT 20mg/kg体重。检测血淀粉酶,观察肺组织病理学改变,采用实时定量RT-PCR法和免疫组化检测肺组织中MIP-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果与SO组相比,ANP 3h、6h和12h组肺组织MIP-2 mRNA表达分别增加48%,137%和230%。ANP组MIP-2蛋白表达量分别为3.40±0.84,5.80±0.55和6.40±0.45。MT干预组肺组织损伤得到改善,MIP-2 mRNA表达分别为ANP相应时间点的87%,77%和84%,MIP-2蛋白表达分别为2.20±0.84.4.20±0.45和5.20±0.50,与ANP相应时间点比较,相差显著(P<0.05)。结论MIP-2在ANP相关肺损伤发病中起一定作用,MT可能通过下调MIP-2的表达以减轻ANP相关肺损伤的程度。     

Analysis of differentially expressed genes in fetal skin of scarless and scar-forming periods of gestational rats

Objective: To study the differences of gene expression between earlier gestational skin and later gestational skin of rats with the aids of single primer amplification (SPA) and high-density oligonucleotide DNA array to understand the molecular mechanism of scarless healing. Methods: Total RNAs were isolated from fetal rat skin of the scarless (E15) and scar-forming (E18) periods of gestation (term =21.5 days). The RNAs from earlier gestational skin (EGS) and later gestational skin (LGS) were both reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then labeled with the incorporation of fluorescent dCTP for preparing the hybridization probes by SPA method. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the oligonucleotide DNA arrays which contained 5 705 probes representing 5 705 rat genes. After highly stringent washing, these DNA arrays were scanned for fluorescent signals to display the differentially expressed genes between the 2 groups of skin. Results: Among 5 705 rat genes, there were 53 genes (0.93%) with differentially expressed levels between EGS and LGS groups, 27 genes, including fibroblast growth factor 2 ( FGF2 ) and follistatin were up-regulated (0.47%) and 26 genes were down-regulated (0.46%) in fetal skin during scarless period versus scar-forming period. Higher expressions of FGF2 and follistatin in EGS than those in LGS were also revealed by RT-PCR method. Conclusions: High-density oligonucleotide DNA array provided a powerful tool for investigating differential gene expression in earlier and later gestational fetal skins. This technology validates that the mechanism of fetal scarless healing is very complicate and the change of many gene expressions is associated with fetal scarless healing.